This type of medication can help relieve depression, but it also inhibits the activity of neurons that control the intestines. These medications are generally safe but can cause constipation, dry mouth and blurred vision. They are sometimes prescribed for people who have bouts of diarrhea. Medications such as dicyclomine (Bentyl) can help relieve painful bowel spasms. Your provider might also prescribe a bile acid binder, such as cholestyramine (Prevalite), colestipol (Colestid) or colesevelam (Welchol). Over-the-counter medications, such as loperamide (Imodium A-D), can help control diarrhea. If fiber doesn't help constipation, your provider may recommend over-the-counter laxatives, such as magnesium hydroxide oral (Phillips' Milk of Magnesia) or polyethylene glycol (Miralax). Taking a supplement such as psyllium (Metamucil) with fluids may help control constipation. If your problems are moderate or severe, your provider might suggest counseling - especially if you have depression or if stress tends to make your symptoms worse.īased on your symptoms, medications may be recommended, including: FODMAPs are found in certain grains, vegetables, fruits and dairy products.Ī dietitian can help you with these diet changes. Some people are sensitive to certain carbohydrates such as fructose, fructans, lactose and others, known as FODMAPs - fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols. Research shows that some people with IBS report improvement in diarrhea symptoms if they stop eating gluten (wheat, barley and rye) even if they don't have celiac disease. If you experience bloating or gas, you might avoid items such as carbonated and alcoholic beverages and certain foods that may lead to increased gas. Your provider might suggest that you eliminate from your diet: Mild symptoms can often be controlled by managing stress and by making changes in your diet and lifestyle. Treatment of IBS focuses on relieving symptoms so that you can live as symptom-free as possible. Bile acid is a digestive liquid produced in your liver. Your stool might be examined for bacteria, parasites or the presence of bile acid. Bacterial overgrowth is more common among people who have had bowel surgery or who have diabetes or some other disease that slows down digestion. A breath test also can determine if you have bacterial overgrowth in your small intestine. Your provider may order a breath test or ask you to remove milk and milk products from your diet for several weeks. If you don't produce lactase, you may have problems similar to those caused by IBS, including belly pain, gas and diarrhea. Lactase is an enzyme you need to digest the sugar found in dairy products. An endoscopy may be recommended if celiac disease is suspected. A sample of fluid may be collected to look for overgrowth of bacteria. During an endoscopy, a tissue sample (biopsy) may be collected. A camera on the end of the tube allows your provider to view your upper digestive tract. A long, flexible tube is inserted down your throat and into the esophagus, which is the tube connecting your mouth and stomach. This test produces images of your abdomen and pelvis that might rule out other causes of your symptoms, especially if you have belly pain. Your provider uses a small, flexible tube to examine the entire length of the colon. Additional tests may be recommended to rule out other causes of your symptoms. This is a disorder known as malabsorption. Stool studies also can check to see if your intestine has trouble taking in nutrients. Your provider may recommend several tests, including stool studies to check for infection. If you have these symptoms, or if an initial treatment for IBS doesn't work, you'll likely need additional tests.
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